[1] Organization WH. Word report on ageing and health. Geneva, Switzerland; 2021.
[2] Perez CFdA, Tourinho FSV, Carvalho PM. Competencies in the nurse education process to care for the aging: an integrative review. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem. 2016;25(04):e.0300015
[3] Catalão MJ, Arco H, Carrajola N, Almeida ML, Neves H, Tavares J. Core Competencies for Gerontogeriatric Nursing: A Validation Study. Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland). 2024;9(3).
[4] Tavares J, de Lurdes Almeida M, Duarte SFC, Apóstolo J. Older adult care in nursing education: How have curricula been developed? Nurse Education in Practice. 2021;50:102947.
[5] Dimitriadou I, Sini E, Šteinmiller J, Saridi M, Lundberg A, Häger M, et al. Comprehensive Geriatric Health Assessment Core Competencies and Skills for Primary Care Nurses: A Scoping Review. Geriatrics. 2025;10(2):48.
[6] Wang M, Li D, Li J, Zhang X. Professional competencies in geriatric nursing for geriatric nurses: a latent profile analysis. BMC Nursing. 2024;23(1):512.
[7] Alves SB, Magalhães CP, Fernandes A, Palmero MJF, Fernandes H. Gerontology and Geriatrics in Undergraduate Nursing Education in Portugal and Spain: An Integrative and Comparative Curriculum Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2024;12(17).
[8] Chen Q, Wang K, Gao Y, Shen J, Jia Q, Wang X. Understanding gerontological nursing competence among nursing students in higher vocational colleges: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health. 2025;13.
[9] Castro C, Antunes R, Simoes A, Bernardes C, Fernandes JB. Nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward older adults. Frontiers in Public Health. 2023;11:1150261.
[10] Abudu-Birresborn D, McCleary L, Puts M, Yakong V, Cranley L. Preparing nurses and nursing students to care for older adults in lower and middle-income countries: A scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2019;92:121-134.
[11] Syed B. Enhancing geriatric care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Liaquat Medical Research Journal. 2024;6.
[12] Ghaffari F, Dehghan-Nayeri N, Navabi N, Seylani K. Evaluation of the Master's curriculum for elderly nursing: a qualitative study. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2016;11:1333-1342.
[13] Bordbar S, Shojaei P, Asadollahi A, Ravangard R, Shirazi F, Askarian M, et al. Identifying and evaluating the challenges of geriatric healthcare service provision in Iran: evidence from a mixed-methods study. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1):28002.
[14] Dai F, Liu Y, Ju M, Yang Y. Nursing students' willingness to work in geriatric care: An integrative review. Nursing Open. 2021;8(5):2061-2077.
[15] Tate K, Guney S, Lai C, Van Son C, Kennedy M, Dahlke S. Gerontological nursing competencies: A scoping review. Nurse Education Today. 2024;133:106034.
[16] Arrogante O, Velarde García JF, Blázquez-González P, Moro-Tejedor MN. Great geriatric syndromes: Acquisition of nursing competencies and undergraduate nursing students' perceptions through high-fidelity simulation training. Nurse Education Today. 2023;121:105685.
[17] Stanyon MR, Goldberg SE, Astle A, Griffiths A, Gordon AL. The competencies of Registered Nurses working in care homes: a modified Delphi study. Age and Ageing. 2017;46(4):582-588.
[18] Goldberg SE, Cooper J, Blundell A, Gordon AL, Masud T, Moorchilot R. Development of a curriculum for advanced nurse practitioners working with older people with frailty in the acute hospital through a modified Delphi process. Age and Ageing. 2016;45(1):48-53.
[19] Lillsjö E, Willman A, Jonasson LL, Josefsson K. Registered nurses' perceptions of their leadership close to older adults in municipal home healthcare: a cross-sectional questionnaire study. BMC Nursing. 2025;24(1):554.
[20] Shen S, Zeng X, Hui X, Chen L, Zhang J, Chen X. Application, knowledge and training needs regarding comprehensive geriatric assessment among geriatric practitioners in healthcare institutions: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatrics. 2024;24(1):349.
[21] Safari R, Jackson J, Boole L. Comprehensive geriatric assessment delivered by advanced nursing practitioners within primary care setting: a mixed-methods pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics. 2023;23(1):513.
[22] Hu FW, Lee HF, Li YP. Exploration of Geriatric Care Competencies in Registered Nurses in Hospitals. The Journal of Nursing Research. 2021;29(4):e159.
[23] Koskinen S, Salminen L, Stolt M, Leino-Kilpi H. The education received by nursing students regarding nursing older people: a scoping literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 2015;29(1):15-29.
