ابعاد فرهنگی و اجتماعی ناباروری و روش‌های اهدایی کمک باروری: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 الف. دانشجوی دکترای بهداشت باروری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران ب. مربی، گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، ایران

2 الف.استاد، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران ب.استاد، گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 الف.استاد، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران ب. استاد گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: استفاده از روش‌های اهدایی کمک باروری، امید به حاملگی را در زوجین نابارور افزایش می‌دهد. با این وجود، بخش وسیعی از جمعیت جهان این روش‌ها را به دلیل مسائل فرهنگی و اجتماعی نمی‌پذیرند. در این راستا، شناسایی ابعاد مختلف فرهنگی- اجتماعی می‌تواند راه‌گشا باشد. با توجه به مطالب بیان شده، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین ابعاد فرهنگی و اجتماعی ناباروری و روش‌های اهدایی کمک باروری انجام شد.
مواد و روشها: در این مطالعه مروری، مقالات فارسی و انگلیسی نمایه شده در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی معتبر شامل:Google Scholar ، Scopus، PubMed و SID بدون محدودیت زمانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. مقالات مرتبط حاصل از تحقیقات کمی و کیفی در این زمینه بررسی شدند. شایان ذکر است که منابع و مطالعات انجام شده به زبان انگلیسی و فارسی موجود در این پایگاه‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. واژگان کلیدی مورد جستجو عبارت بودند از: Reproductive donation techniques، Socio-cultural aspects، Infertility و معادل فارسی آن‌ها.
یافته‌ها: براساس بررسی 49 مطالعه انجام شده، 16 مؤلفه مرتبط با مسائل فرهنگی- اجتماعی ناباروری و روش‌های اهدایی کمک باروری استخراج شدند که شامل: پنج مؤلفه روش‌های فرزندآوری (همسرگزینی و روش‌های سنتی)، پذیرش اجتماعی (انزوا، استیگما و پذیرش خانواده)، هویت اجتماعی (نقش مادری یا پدری، بقای نسل و تعصب)، پذیرش دینی (شریعت، توکل، تقدیر و مشیت) و حمایت اجتماعی (حمایت قانونی، حمایت مالی، حمایت مددکاری، حمایت شغلی و حمایت رسانه‌ای) بودند.
نتیجهگیری: افراد نابارور در زمینه استفاده از روش‌های اهدایی کمک باروری با چالش‌های فرهنگی و اجتماعی متعددی مواجه هستند.

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