Navid No

Navid No

Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-Based Therapy on Self-Compassion and Self-worth in the Children of Self-Reported Drug Addicts

Document Type : Original article

Authors
Mina Ghafari-Jam 1
Himan Mahmoodfakheh 2
Ali Mostafaee
1 MSc of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Pyamnoor University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Pyamnoor University, Iran
10.22038/nnj.2021.51862.1230
Abstract
Introduction: Addiction as one of the most complex social phenomena in different human societies is on the rise despite the increase of knowledge and awareness about it. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on self-compassion and self-worth in the children of self-reported drug addicts in the Hashtgerd addiction treatment center, Hashtgerd, Iran.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this semi-experimental study included 50 children of patients who were referred to the addiction treatment center. In total, 20 out of these 50 individuals were selected through the convenience sampling method and divided into two experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The research tools consisted of Crocker’s self-worth scale (CSWS) as well as the Neff Self-Compassion Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) and analysis of covariance.
Results: The results showed that acceptance and commitment-based therapy had a positive effect on increasing self-compassion in the children of drug addicts. Considering the Eta square, it can be said that 85.7% of these changes were due to the effect of acceptance and commitment-based therapy (intervention) on the self-esteem of children of drug addicts (P≤0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, acceptance and commitment-based therapy had a positive effect on the individual’s self-compassion and self-esteem. Due to the effect of addiction on the family and children of people with addiction, there is a need for specialized treatment. Therefore, according to the nature of acceptance and commitment-based therapy, this treatment method can be used to improve the condition of children of drug addicts.
Keywords
Acceptance and commitment-based therapy
Self-worth
Self-compassion
  1. Nemati F, Shahmoradi S, Rahimi FS. Investigating the factors affecting drug abuse and addiction with a grounded theoretical approach. Sci Quart Res Addic. 2020; 14(57):11-34.
  2. Alicke MD, Sedikides C. Self-enhancement and self-protection: what they are and what they do. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 2009; 20(1):1-48.
  3. Finlay-Jones AL, Rees CS, Kane RT. Self-Compassion, emotion regulation and stress among Australian psychologists: testing an emotion regulation model of self-compassion using structural equation modeling. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0133481.
  4. Mirabi T, Hassani F, Golshani F, Keshavarzi Arshadi F. The comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy and unified transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders on tendency to drugs in men undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. Sci Quart Res Addic. 2020; 14(57):73-94.
  5. Baer RA. Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. 2003; 10(2):125-43.
  6. Birnie K, Speca M, Carlson LE. Exploring self‐compassion and empathy in the context of mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR). Stress Health. 2010; 26(5):359-71.
  7. Barnow S, Lucht M, Freyberger HJ. Alcohol problems in adolescence with reference to high risk children of alcoholic parents. Results of a family study in Mecklenburg Vorpommern. Nervenarzt. 2002; 73(7):
    671-9.
  8. Bizarri J, Ruccip P, Vallotta A, Girelli M, Scandolari A, Zerbetto E. Dual diagnosis and quality of life in patients in treatment for opioid dependence. Substance Use Misuse. 2005; 40(12):1765-76.
  9. Baer RA, Fischer S, Huss DB. Mindfulness and acceptance in the treatment of disordered eating. J Rational Emotive Cogn Behav Ther. 2005; 23(4):
    281-300.
  10. Khodayari M, Mohammadi M, Abedini Y. Cognitive behavioral treatment of conversion disorder or by emphasizing the spiritual treatment: a case study, Thoughts and behavior. 2003:3(35):12-22.
  11. Crocker J, Knight KM. Contingencies of self-worth. Curr Direct Psychol Sci. 2005; 14(4):200-3.
  12. Crocker J, Karpinski A, Quinn DM, Chase SK. When grades determine self-worth: Consequences of contingent self-worth for male and female engineering and psychology majors. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003; 85(3):507-16.
  13. Crocker J, Luhtanen RK, Cooper ML, Bouvrette A. Contingencies of self-worth in college students: theory and measurement. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003; 85(5):894-908.
  14. Crocker J, Luhtanen RK, Sommers SR. Contingencies of self-worth: progress and prospects. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 2004; 15(1):133-81.
  15. Huberty J, Vener J, Gao Y, Matthews JL, Ransdell L, Elavsky S. Developing an instrument to measure physical activity related self-worth in women: Rasch analysis of the Women's Physical Activity Self-Worth Inventory (WPASWI). Psychol Sport Exer. 2013; 14(1):111-21.
  16. Rowe CL, Liddle HA. Substance abuse. J Marital Fam Ther. 2003; 29(1):97-120.
  17. Liu YL. An examination of three models of the relationships between parental attachments and adolescents’ social functioning and depressive symptoms. J Youth Adolesc. 2008; 37(8):941-52.
  18. Pila E, Stamiris A, Castonguay A, Sabiston CM. Body-related envy: a social comparison perspective in sport and exercise. J Sport Exer Psychol. 2014; 36(1):93-106.
  19. Morales A, Vallejo-Medina P, Abello-Luque D, Saavedra-Roa A, García-Roncallo P, Gomez-Lugo M, et al. Sexual risk among Colombian adolescents: knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, perceived control, intention, and sexual behavior. BMC Public Health. 2018; 18(1):15-9.
  20. Moeller SJ, Crocker J. Drinking and desired self-images: path models of self-image goals, coping motives, heavy-episodic drinking, and alcohol problems. Psychol Addict Behav. 2009; 23(2):334-40.
  21. Maynard BR, Solis MR, Miller VL, Brendel KE. Mindfulness‐based interventions for improving cognition, academic achievement, behavior, and socioemotional functioning of primary and secondary school students. Campbell Syst Rev. 2017; 13(1):1-44.
  22. Nademi M. An investigation of causes of addiction in students of Islamic Azad University: the case of Ilam branch. Int J Administ Govern. 2015; 1(7):1-5.
  23. Neff KD, Rude SS, Kirkpatrick KL. An examination of self-compassion in relation to positive psychological functioning and personality traits. J Res Pers. 2007; 41(4):908-16.
  24. Neff KD, Hsieh YP, Dejitterat K. Self-compassion, achievement goals, and coping with academic failure. Self Identity. 2005; 4(3):263-87.
  25. Javadian, Reza; Eglima, Mostafa; Behzadmanesh, Maryam. An investigation into narcotic drugs awareness among students of Islamic Azad University. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010, 5: 392-397.‏
  26. Van Ryzin MJ, Gravely AA, Roseth CJ. Autonomy, belongingness, and engagement in school as contributors to adolescent psychological well-being. J Youth Adolesc. 2009; 38(1):1-2.
  27. Soltani H, Abdoli B, Farsi A, Haghparast A. The comparison of working memory and reaction time in non-athlete, athlete and heroin-dependent individuals. Sci Quart Res Addic. 2020; 14(57):95-114.
  28. Warner LA, White HR. Longitudinal effects of age at onset and first drinking situations on problem drinking. Subst Use Misuse. 2003; 38(14):1983-2016.
  29. White SM, Wójcicki TR, McAuley E. Physical activity and quality of life in community dwelling older adults. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009; 7(1):1-7.
  30. Khaghani F, Torkan H, Yousefi Z. Qualitative study of factors affecting adherence to treatment in substance-dependent individuals with maintenance treatment in Isfahan. Sci Quart Res Addic. 2020; 14(56):59-78.

Navid No
Volume 24, Issue 77
Spring 2021
Pages 84-97