رویکرد فلسفی فمینیسم در تحقیقات پرستاری: یک مرور روایتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 استاد پرستاری، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکترای پرستاری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

10.22038/nnj.2025.87886.1488

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف:
فمینیسم به نابرابری­های اجتماعی ناشی از تبعیض جنسیتی، ظلم و طردشدن می­پردازد. این رویکرد تاکنون، زیربنای فلسفی مطالعات زیادی در پرستاری قرارگرفته و منجر به طراحی خدمات بهداشتی متناسب با نیازهای مددجویان، تقویت هویت حرفه‌ای پرستاران و شکل‌گیری سیاست‌های بهداشتی عادلانه‌تر می­گردد. لذا مطالعه مروری حاضر، به بررسی کاربرد رویکرد فلسفی فمینیسم در تحقیقات پرستاری می­پردازد.
مواد و روش‏ها:
در این مطالعه مروری جستجوی مقالات به زبان انگلیسی در پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Scopus و Web of Science از 2020 تا 2025 انجام و در ابتدا 289 مقاله به دست آمد. پس از حذف مقالات تکراری، پژوهش­های مرتبط با هدف، وارد مطالعه شد. معیارهای خروج مطالعات شامل مطالعات مروری و ترکیبی، زبان غیر از انگلیسی و مطالعاتی که متن کامل آنها در دسترس نبود. در نهایت تعداد 15 مقاله انتخاب و بررسی شد.
یافته‏ ها:
مطالعات در سه حیطه کاربرد دیدگاه فمینیستی در تحقیقات پرستاری شامل دوران بارداری و پس از زایمان، سلامت زنان، پرستاران و دانشجویان پرستاری طبقه­بندی شد. اغلب مطالعات از نوع کیفی و مربوط به دوران بارداری و پس از زایمان بودند. موضوعات مورد تأکید شامل هویت جنسی و مادری، تصویر ذهنی از جسم، ارتباط عاطفی مادر و نوزاد و دردسترس بودن مراقبت­های پرستاری، خشونت­ جنسی، خشونت جنسیتی، خشونت در محیط کار و فرسودگی شغلی بود.
نتیجهگیری:
بکارگیری رویکرد فلسفی فمینیسم در مطالعات پژوهشی، منجر به توجه ویژه به سلامت زنان و توانمندسازی آنان
می­گردد. گرچه بکارگیری این رویکرد فلسفی، با محدودیت­هایی روبروست اما می­توان با طراحی­های دقیق­تر متدولوژیک، این محدودیت­ها را مدیریت کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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